Energy Problems #
About 80% of world energy still comes from fossil fuels. Problems: limited resources, CO₂ emissions (climate change), pollution, geopolitical dependence.
Climate Change #
CO₂ accumulates → greenhouse effect → global warming. The Paris Agreement (2015): limit warming to 1.5°C by reaching net-zero emissions by 2050.
Energy Efficiency #
The cheapest and fastest way to reduce emissions: better building insulation, electric vehicles, efficient motors, LED lighting.
Renewable Sources #
Solar (abundant, falling costs), wind (economical), hydroelectric (reliable), geothermal (constant), biomass (waste recycling).
Energy Storage #
The biggest challenge for intermittent renewables: batteries, hydrogen, pumped hydro.
Conclusion #
Energy problems are among the biggest challenges of the 21st century. The solution: efficiency + renewables + storage + innovation. Every electrical technician will be part of the solution.
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